Broken jaw: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Broken jaw is the second most common facial injury after nose injury, which is the most frequent one. This injury happens due to fracture in the joints of jaw. If we look at the statistics, men are 3 times more likely to get their jaws broken.

Causes for broken jaw

Major reasons for broken jaw include the following.

• Assault
• Motor vehicle accidents
• Injuries during sports
• Falls

Symptoms of broken jaw

• The most common sign of broken jaw is the pain.
• When the jaw is broken, you may not be able to get your teeth fitted correctly when you close the mouth. You may not be able to open your mouth all the way. Moreover, a broken jaw makes it very difficult to eat and speak.
• The breaking of jaw can cause damage to the nerves nearby. You might feel numbness in the lower lip and chin due to this nerve damage.
• You may see bleeding inside the mouth or the natural lineup of teeth may not be in good shape. Bruising under the tongue is another symptom of broken jaw.

Medical tests

Your dentist may decide to run some tests to check for the damage done due to broken jaw. Physical tests and dental x-rays are the most common tests that are run to check the existence and severity of a broken jaw.

• The physical test involves general inspection of the face in order to analyze the deformity, bruising and swelling. The TMJ will also be inspected in this regard.
• Your dentist if going to check the movement of your mandible. After the external exam is completed, the dentist is going have a look of the inside of your mouth. The doctor may ask you to bite down so that the bite alignment could be checked.
• The straight blade test will be done to check the stability of your bite. The wooden stick, also known as tongue depressor, will be placed between your teeth and then you will be asked to hold it with your teeth.
• Dental x-ray is the most appropriate test to check for the broken jaw. The best dental x-ray test is the panoramic because it provides complete picture of the teeth and both of the jaws. If the dentist doesn’t find this test quite elaborated, you may get a recommendation for CT scan.

Treatment for broken jaw

When you have a broken jaw, the first thing you will be concerned about is to get relief from jaw pain. Therefore, you may need to apply ice pack until you reach the dentist’s office. In case the jaw pain is not due to fracture but due to an impact, your dentist may suggest you some medications to treat the pain and its root cause. However, the case can get a bit complicated if you have a fractured jaw.

• In most cases, the mandible fracture is stable. In those situations, your dentist may decide to only stitch the upper and lower teeth together. This procedure is done mostly by an oral or maxillofacial surgeon.
• If the fracture is unstable, your dentist may decide to refer you for an oral surgery which is going to be a bit more complicated as compared to the treatment for stable fractures.

After the surgery is done, you will need to follow instructions by your surgeon. You will also need to make sure that you visit your dentist to check if you are doing well after the surgery.

What Is Gum Tissue Graft?

You may be told by your dentist that you are in the need of a gum tissue grafting surgery. The word seems quite scary and you may start getting panicked. But the matter of fact is that it is not that scary as it may sound. It is a small surgery that is done to treat the effects of gum recession or to improve the shape of your smile.

Gum recession is the process in which the gums around the teeth are pulled away from the teeth. The pulling away of gums eventually exposes the roots of teeth. This process can be quite damaging for the roots of the teeth.

Since this process is a gradual one, you may not be able to notice that you are having this condition. Nevertheless, the teeth will eventually start looking ugly due to this recession of gums. Moreover, it also causes hypersensitivity in the teeth. Still, you may lose your tooth if you are not getting treatment for gum recession. You will need to have gum tissue grafting surgery if you want to get the gum recession treated.

Things you can expect during a gum tissue grafting surgery

There are three types of gum tissue grafting surgeries performed. The type of surgery you will need is going to depend upon your particular situation.

Cognitive tissue grafts

The most common way to treat root exposure is cognitive tissue grafting. This grafting method involves cutting of a flap of the skin at the roof of the mouth and removal of subepithelial connective tissue form under the flap. This tissue is then stitched to the gum tissue around the exposed root. The flap is stitched back after the removal of subepithelial connective tissue.

Free gingival grafts

This method is quite similar to that of cognitive tissue graft but instead of removing tissue under the flap, the tissue is directly removed from the flap. This method is ideal for the people who have thin gums.

Pedicle grafts

This method doesn’t use tissue from the mouth’s roof. The skin is cut and the tissue is removed from the surrounding gums. The flap, which is also called pedicle, is only partially cut and is then turned over the exposed root. This method is ideal for the people who have thick gums.

Many dentists consider using tissue from tissue bank instead of using it from mouth’s roof. In some cases, tissue stimulating proteins are used to enhance body’s ability to produce tissues. Your dentist will tell about the best option you can go for.

Recovery after the treatment

Although you will be able to go home right after the treatment, there are some restrictions that you will have to keep in mind. The postoperative care mainly involves following guidelines regarding foods you eat and the activities you engage in. to avoid any infection, you will need to have antibiotics. And you will have to use mouth rinse to get rid of the plaque. You will be able to resume with your normal eating routine after 2 months.